Article 21 and Environment protection
Article 21 of the Constitution of India grants right to life and
personal liberty to every citizen of the country. This includes:
- A decent standard of living
- A pollution-free environment
- The right to live with dignity
- The right to a good environment
- The right to livelihood
Article 21 further states that no person shall be deprived of their life
or personal liberty except according to procedures established by law.
The right to a clean and healthy environment is a fundamental right
under Article 21. The right to a pollution-free environment is inherent
in the right to life.
The Supreme Court of India has held that pollution caused by polluting
industries adversely affects the health and safety of people and should
be closed down or moved out as being violative of Article 21.
If there is any move that endangers or impairs the quality of life in
derogation of laws, an action is maintainable by the affected person or
persons or an interest group by way of public interest litigation under
Articles 226 or 32
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