Effects of Proclamation of Emergency under Article 356

Effects of Proclamation of Emergency by the President of India under Article 356

When the President of India proclaims an emergency under Article 356, also known as President's Rule, the state government is suspended, and the central government takes over the administration, with the state legislative assembly either dissolved or suspended. 

The effects are discussed in details below:

1. The state government, including the Council of Ministers and the Chief Minister, is effectively suspended, and the state legislative assembly is either dissolved or suspended. 
2. The central government takes over the administration of the state, exercising its powers through the Governor, who is appointed by the President. 
3. Parliament gains the power to legislate on matters within the state list, which are usually reserved for the state legislature. 
4. The state legislative assembly is either dissolved or prorogued, meaning it is adjourned indefinitely, and a new election is required after the President's Rule is lifted. 
5. The executive authority of the state is transferred to the Central Government, which exercises its powers through the Governor of the state. 
6. The Council of Ministers is dissolved, and the office of the Chief Minister is vacated. 
7. The Union Government directly rules over the state or the union territory. 

Duration of President's Rule:

The President's Rule initially lasts for six months, but can be extended for further periods, with the approval of both houses of Parliament, up to a maximum of three years. 

Judiciary's Independence:

The High Court continues to function independently during the President's Rule.