Legal Positivism is a school of jurisprudence which holds that law is purely a human creation ("posited" by political authorities) and its validity depends strictly on its formal source and enactment—not on its moral merit or justice.
In short, it separates "law as it is" (lex lata) from "law as it ought to be" (lex ferenda). As John Austin famously summarized: "The existence of law is one thing; its merit or demerit is another."
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