New Terms added in 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976

 The 42nd Constitutional Amendment Act, 1976 added three specific words to the Preamble of the Indian Constitution:


  1. Socialist: Signifies a commitment to eliminating inequality in income, status, and standards of living, blending Marxist and Gandhian ideals (democratic socialism) with a mixed economy.

  2. Secular: Means the State has no official religion; all religions are treated with equal respect, protection, and neutrality by the government.

  3. Integrity: Added to "unity of the Nation" to emphasize both the psychological and territorial unity of India, countering secessionist tendencies.

(Note: Beyond the Preamble, the amendment also introduced the term "Fundamental Duties" under Part IV-A).
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