Agnate and Cognate
The Hindu Succession Act, 1956, defines these terms to determine the order of inheritance when a male Hindu dies without a will (intestate).
Agnate (Section 3(1)(a)): Two persons are agnates if they are related to each other wholly through male lineage.
Example: A father's brother’s son is an agnate.
Cognate (Section 3(1)(c)): Two persons are cognates if they are related to each other, but not wholly through males. If there is even one female in the line of relationship, they become cognates.
Example: A sister's son or a mother’s brother is a cognate.
Significance: In the list of heirs, agnates are preferred over cognates.
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