In Hindu law, ancestral property refers to property that is inherited by a person from their paternal ancestors—specifically their father, grandfather, or great-grandfather.
Under the Mitakshara School, the defining characteristic of this property is that a person’s descendants (sons, and since 2005, daughters) acquire an interest in it by birth. This creates a "Coparcenary," where the interest in the property is shared among the family members.
- Right by Birth: Children (sons and daughters) acquire a legal interest the moment they are born.
- Four Generations: It must remain unpartitioned for four generations of male lineage.
- Limited Power: The head of the family cannot sell it without the consent of the members (coparceners), except for "legal necessity."
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