Prison labour involves the work performed by convicts during their period of incarceration. It is a critical component of the reformative theory of punishment.
Types of Labour:
Rigorous Imprisonment: The convict is legally bound to perform hard labour.
Simple Imprisonment: Work is optional or light.
Objectives:
Vocational Training: Providing skills (carpentry, weaving, baking) to help the prisoner earn a living post-release.
Discipline: Keeping the mind occupied to prevent the negative psychological effects of idleness.
Economic Contribution: Prisoners often earn wages, a portion of which may be sent to their families or given to them upon release as "savings."
Constitutional Safeguard: Under Article 23 of the Indian Constitution, forced labour is prohibited. Therefore, prisoners must be paid "fair wages" for their work. Forcing a prisoner to work without pay is considered "Begar" and is unconstitutional.
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