While both involve violations of law, the distinction lies in the age of the perpetrator and the legal approach to the act.
| Feature | Crime | Juvenile Delinquency |
| Actor | An adult (usually 18+ years). | A child/minor (below 18 years). |
| Primary Goal | Punishment, deterrence, and retribution. | Reformation, rehabilitation, and social reintegration. |
| Legal Framework | IPC/BNS and Criminal Procedure Code. | Juvenile Justice (Care and Protection of Children) Act, 2015. |
| Terminology | Conviction, Sentence, Imprisonment. | Finding of guilt, Disposition, Institutional care. |
| Forum | Criminal Courts (Magistrate/Sessions). | Juvenile Justice Board (JJB). |
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