The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. When the Sun's energy reaches the Earth's atmosphere, some of it is reflected back to space and the rest is absorbed and re-radiated by greenhouse gases.
Greenhouse Gases (GHGs): Includes Carbon Dioxide, Methane, Nitrous Oxide, and water vapor.
Mechanism: These gases act like the glass walls of a greenhouse, trapping heat in the atmosphere.
Global Warming: While the natural effect is essential for life, human activities (burning fossil fuels, deforestation) have increased GHG concentrations, leading to an "enhanced" greenhouse effect and rising global temperatures.
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